Country Details

North Macedonia

Southeastern Europe, north of Greece

Economy

Detailed information and insights

Economic overview

upper-middle-income European economy; GDP growth driven by private consumption, public infrastructure investments, and wage growth; stalled progress on EU accession; public debt rising due to high pensions, wages, and interest payments; structural challenges of emigration, low productivity growth, and governance

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$43.844 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$42.668 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$41.801 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2024

2.8% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

2.1% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2022

2.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2024

$24,500 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$23,300 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2022

$22,800 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$16.685 billion (2024 est.)

Note

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

3.5% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

9.4% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

14.2% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

Agriculture

6% (2024 est.)

Industry

22.7% (2024 est.)

Services

59.2% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

Household consumption

67.9% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

16.8% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

28.4% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

0% (2024 est.)

Exports of goods and services

62.7% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-75.8% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

chillies/peppers, milk, wheat, potatoes, grapes, barley, cabbages, maize, watermelons, tomatoes (2023)

Note

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries

food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals, automotive parts

Industrial production growth rate

1.8% (2024 est.)

Note

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force

779,200 (2024 est.)

Note

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2024

13.5% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

13.2% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2022

14.5% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

Total

30.3% (2024 est.)

Male

29.2% (2024 est.)

Female

32.3% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

21.8% (2019 est.)

Note

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019

33.5 (2019 est.)

Average household expenditures

On food

30.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

On alcohol and tobacco

4.8% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Lowest 10%

1.9% (2019 est.)

Highest 10%

22.9% (2019 est.)

Remittances

Remittances 2024

2.7% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances 2023

2.9% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances 2022

3.3% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget

Revenues

$4.787 billion (2023 est.)

Expenditures

$5.514 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt

Public debt 2017

39.3% of GDP (2017 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

17.9% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Note

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Current account balance

Current account balance 2024

-$374.385 million (2024 est.)

Current account balance 2023

$56.573 million (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2022

-$868.965 million (2022 est.)

Exports

Exports 2024

$10.445 billion (2024 est.)

Exports 2023

$10.691 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2022

$10.123 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

Germany 39%, Serbia 8%, Bulgaria 6%, Greece 5%, Czechia 3% (2023)

Note

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities

reaction and catalytic products, insulated wire, electricity, garments, seats (2023)

Note

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports

Imports 2024

$12.644 billion (2024 est.)

Imports 2023

$12.748 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2022

$13.009 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

UK 12%, Germany 10%, Greece 9%, China 9%, Serbia 8% (2023)

Note

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities

platinum, refined petroleum, laboratory ceramic ware, cars, natural gas (2023)

Note

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$5.252 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$5.015 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$4.12 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2023

$5.637 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2024

56.873 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

56.947 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

58.574 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

52.102 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

54.144 (2020 est.)