Country Details

Costa Rica

Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Nicaragua and Panama

Economy

Detailed information and insights

Economic overview

trade-based upper middle-income economy; green economy leader, having reversed deforestation; investing in blue economy infrastructure; declining poverty until hard impacts of COVID-19; lingering inequality and growing government debts have prompted a liquidity crisis

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$138.371 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$132.64 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$126.189 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2024

4.3% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

5.1% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2022

4.6% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2024

$27,000 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$26,000 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2022

$24,800 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$95.35 billion (2024 est.)

Note

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

-0.4% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

0.5% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

8.3% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

Agriculture

3.6% (2024 est.)

Industry

19.7% (2024 est.)

Services

68.8% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

Household consumption

63.9% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

14.7% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

15.8% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

-0.1% (2024 est.)

Exports of goods and services

38.5% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-32.8% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

sugarcane, pineapples, bananas, oil palm fruit, milk, fruits, oranges, chicken, cassava, beef (2023)

Note

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries

medical equipment, food processing, textiles and clothing, construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products

Industrial production growth rate

4.1% (2024 est.)

Note

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force

2.357 million (2024 est.)

Note

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2024

7.9% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

8.4% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2022

11.4% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

Total

23% (2024 est.)

Male

20.7% (2024 est.)

Female

26.2% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

24.4% (2023 est.)

Note

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2024

45.8 (2024 est.)

Average household expenditures

On food

21.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

On alcohol and tobacco

1.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Lowest 10%

1.7% (2024 est.)

Highest 10%

34.2% (2024 est.)

Remittances

Remittances 2024

0.8% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances 2023

0.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances 2022

0.9% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget

Revenues

$26.333 billion (2023 est.)

Expenditures

$25.953 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt

Public debt 2017

48.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

13.9% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Note

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Current account balance

Current account balance 2024

-$1.291 billion (2024 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$1.239 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2022

-$2.272 billion (2022 est.)

Exports

Exports 2024

$36.77 billion (2024 est.)

Exports 2023

$33.683 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2022

$29.392 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

USA 40%, Netherlands 6%, China 5%, Guatemala 4%, Belgium 3% (2023)

Note

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities

medical instruments, integrated circuits, orthopedic appliances, bananas, tropical fruits (2023)

Note

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports

Imports 2024

$30.459 billion (2024 est.)

Imports 2023

$28.413 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2022

$27.095 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

USA 38%, China 15%, Mexico 6%, Brazil 3%, Guatemala 3% (2023)

Note

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, plastic products, cars, medical instruments, broadcasting equipment (2023)

Note

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$14.177 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$13.225 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$8.554 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2023

$15.574 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

Costa Rican colones (CRC) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2024

515.11 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

544.051 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

647.136 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

620.785 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

584.901 (2020 est.)