Country Details

Yemen

Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia

People and Society

Detailed information and insights

Population

Total

34,505,496 (2025 est.)

Male

17,275,539

Female

17,229,957

Nationality

Noun

Yemeni(s)

Adjective

Yemeni

Ethnic groups

predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asian, European

Languages

Languages

Arabic (official)

Major-language sample(s)


كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Muslim 99.1% (official; virtually all are citizens, an estimated 65% are Sunni and 35% are Shia), other 0.9% (includes Jewish, Baha'i, Hindu, and Christian; many are refugees or temporary foreign residents) (2020 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years

34.4% (male 5,622,998/female 5,430,285)

15-64 years

62.2% (male 10,112,603/female 9,865,805)

65 years and over

3.4% (2024 est.) (male 485,538/female 623,214)

Dependency ratios

Total dependency ratio

70.2 (2025 est.)

Youth dependency ratio

64.8 (2025 est.)

Elderly dependency ratio

5.4 (2025 est.)

Potential support ratio

18.4 (2025 est.)

Median age

Total

20.5 years (2025 est.)

Male

21.9 years

Female

22.2 years

Population growth rate

2.22% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

29.07 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-0.65 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

the vast majority of the population is found in the Asir Mountains (part of the larger Sarawat Mountain system), located in the far western region of the country

Urbanization

Urban population

39.8% of total population (2023)

Rate of urbanization

3.71% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Major urban areas - population

3.292 million SANAA (capital), 1.080 million Aden, 941,000 Taiz, 772,000 Ibb (2023)

Sex ratio

At birth

1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years

1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years

1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.78 male(s)/female

Total population

1.02 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

20.8 years (2013 est.)

Note

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Maternal mortality ratio

118 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate

Total

42.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Male

49.9 deaths/1,000 live births

Female

39 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth

Total population

68.2 years (2024 est.)

Male

65.8 years

Female

70.6 years

Total fertility rate

3.65 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.78 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source

Improved: urban

urban: 77.2% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: rural

rural: 51.8% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 61.8% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 22.8% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 48.2% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 38.2% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

4.3% of GDP (2015)

Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

2.5% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

0.1 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Sanitation facility access

Improved: urban

urban: 83.1% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: rural

rural: 44.8% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 59.9% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 16.9% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 55.2% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 40.1% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

17.1% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita

Total

0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Beer

0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Wine

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Spirits

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use

Total

20.2% (2025 est.)

Male

33.1% (2025 est.)

Female

7.3% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

40.7% (2022 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

63.9% (2023 est.)

Child marriage

Women married by age 15

6.5% (2023)

Women married by age 18

29.6% (2023)

Literacy

Female

54.1% (2023 est.)