Country Details

Yemen

Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia

Environment

Detailed information and insights

Environmental issues

limited natural freshwater resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification

International environmental agreements

Party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

Signed, but not ratified

Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban

Climate

mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east

Land use

Agricultural land

44.4% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 2.2% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 41.7% (2023 est.)

Forest

1% (2023 est.)

Other

54.5% (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Urban population

39.8% of total population (2023)

Rate of urbanization

3.71% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions

Total emissions

8.193 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke

93,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids

8.08 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From consumed natural gas

21,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

43.9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Methane emissions

Energy

190.5 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Agriculture

192.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste

135.9 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Other

0.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste and recycling

Municipal solid waste generated annually

4.837 million tons (2024 est.)

Percent of municipal solid waste recycled

8% (2016 est.)

Total water withdrawal

Municipal

265 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Industrial

65 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Agricultural

3.235 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

2.1 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)