Country Details
Japan
Eastern Asia, island chain between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean Peninsula
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Economy
Detailed information and insights
Economic overview
second-largest East Asian economy; trade-oriented and highly diversified; high public debt levels; following years of near-zero interest rates, gradual increases to address inflation and depreciation of yen; strong rebound in tourism; aging population poses challenges to labor force participation
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$5.715 trillion (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$5.71 trillion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$5.627 trillion (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
Real GDP growth rate 2024
0.1% (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
1.5% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2022
0.9% (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2024
$46,100 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$45,900 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022
$45,000 (2022 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$4.026 trillion (2024 est.)
Note
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
2.7% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
3.3% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
2.5% (2022 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture
0.9% (2023 est.)
Industry
28.6% (2023 est.)
Services
69.8% (2023 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
Household consumption
55.5% (2022 est.)
Government consumption
21.6% (2022 est.)
Investment in fixed capital
26.3% (2022 est.)
Investment in inventories
0.5% (2022 est.)
Exports of goods and services
21.5% (2022 est.)
Imports of goods and services
-25.3% (2022 est.)
Agricultural products
rice, milk, sugar beets, vegetables, eggs, chicken, potatoes, onions, cabbages, pork (2023)
Note
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Industries
motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed foods
Industrial production growth rate
1.4% (2023 est.)
Note
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Labor force
69.382 million (2024 est.)
Note
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2024
2.6% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
2.6% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2022
2.6% (2022 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Total
3.9% (2024 est.)
Male
4.2% (2024 est.)
Female
3.7% (2024 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020
32.3 (2020 est.)
Average household expenditures
On food
15.8% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
On alcohol and tobacco
2.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10%
2.4% (2020 est.)
Highest 10%
23.9% (2020 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2024
0.1% of GDP (2024 est.)
Remittances 2023
0.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022
0.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
Budget
Revenues
$661.986 billion (2022 est.)
Expenditures
$897.03 billion (2022 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2022
215.9% of GDP (2022 est.)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2024
$194.257 billion (2024 est.)
Current account balance 2023
$156.592 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022
$90.21 billion (2022 est.)
Exports
Exports 2024
$922.447 billion (2024 est.)
Exports 2023
$923.488 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022
$922.813 billion (2022 est.)
Exports - partners
USA 19%, China 18%, Taiwan 6%, S. Korea 6%, Hong Kong 4% (2023)
Note
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
cars, integrated circuits, machinery, vehicle parts/accessories, construction vehicles (2023)
Note
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2024
$965.047 billion (2024 est.)
Imports 2023
$996.364 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022
$1.081 trillion (2022 est.)
Imports - partners
China 22%, USA 11%, Australia 8%, UAE 5%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2023)
Note
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, integrated circuits, broadcasting equipment (2023)
Note
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$1.231 trillion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$1.295 trillion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$1.228 trillion (2022 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
yen (JPY) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024
151.366 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
140.491 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
131.498 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
109.754 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020
106.775 (2020 est.)